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It's been a long few weeks! You might remember a little while back I posted several messages trying to figure out what the hell was up with my web server. With your help, I correctly identified it as hard disk corruption and we managed to back up the whole drive just in time - the drive gave up the ghost shortly afterwards! Anyway, the hard disk has been replaced and my RaQ reloaded. Great, just restore the backups and my server will be exactly how it was before. Except that "as before" means corrupted and generally broken! So I'm trying to just restore the config files as necessary, not the binaries. I started by restoring everything in /etc, that seemed like a good place to start. Is there anything else I should restore? (apart from /home) My current problem concerns authentication. My services on my server (including email) seem to use PAM for authentication. When I try to check my emails (via POP/qpopper), for instance, it says: "-ERR [AUTH] PAM authentication failed for user "ray": Authentication service cannot retrieve authentication info. (9)" The entries in /etc/passwd currently look a bit like this: "ray:x:191:100:Raymond:/home/sites/site19/users/ray:/bin/badsh" I understand that the "x" represents the password, as it is then looked up in /etc/shadow. Except that the entries in /etc/shadow don't seem to have a password either! "ray:x:12201:0:99999:7:::" I reset the password for my own user, "netacclaim", and could consequently log in without problems. Any idea how I can restore my user's passwords? Cheers, Jon __________________________________ Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo. http://search.yahoo.com -- The Mailing List for the Devon & Cornwall LUG Mail majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxx with "unsubscribe list" in the message body to unsubscribe.